Configuring phones for SIP environments
From SIPfoundry sipx, The Open Source SIP PBX for Linux - Calivia
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[edit] How to configure sipXphone to work in a SIP environment
[edit] Identify SIP servers
These configuration parameters define addresses and other characteristics of the Directory, Registry, and Proxy servers in your SIP environment. Generally, you define the same values for these parameters on all sipXphones at your installation. To set values for these parameters, use the browser-based interface or edit the pinger-config file.
[edit] Defining the SIP Location server
SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS
This parameter stores the address of the SIP Proxy or Redirect server that provides location services for call requests by converting dialed telephone numbers into SIP addresses. When a user dials a number, the phone automatically re-addresses the call in SIP URL format:
sip:<dialed number>@<SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS value>
Generally, you enter the value for this parameter in the form of a fully qualified host name, using the format sip:<host name>. You can also specify a port. For example, in the pinger-config file you might enter either:
SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS : sip:sip.pingtel.com SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS : sip:myco.regsrvr.com:5062
Tip: Before a call request is sent to the Directory server, dialed digits are compared to the digit maps configured for the phone. If the phone finds a matching digit map, it uses that address.
[edit] Setting up SIP registration
For a phone to register automatically with a Registry Server, you define a phone line with:
- A SIP URL that has the fully qualified domain name of the Registry server as the host.
- A Registration setting of Register.
Optionally, you can configure the SIP_REGISTER_PERIOD to change the frequency with which a phone sends registration messages.
SIP_REGISTER_PERIOD
This parameter defines the number of seconds until the phone's registration with the SIP Registry server(s) defined in device or user line SIP URLs expires. The phone automatically re-registers itself with each Registry server before this time period elapses, or before the Registry server's defined register period elapses, if it is shorter. The supplied default for this parameter is 3600 (seconds, or one hour).
Tip: This time period applies to all phone lines that are configured to register. Defining an additional Proxy server to provide firewall services in your SIP environment, you can set up a Proxy server that is analogous to an HTTP Proxy server. Generally, you set up this type of SIP firewall proxy server in addition to, and not in place of, a Proxy server that provides location services (a Directory server). If you define both a Directory server (using the SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS parameter) and a SIP firewall proxy server (using SIP_PROXY_SERVERS), calls go through the SIP firewall proxy server even to get to the Directory server. Typically, you define only a Directory server.
SIP_PROXY_SERVERS
If all outbound calls must go through a Proxy server (similar to a firewall), this parameter stores the address of that server. Generally, you enter the address of a SIP firewall proxy server as a fully qualified host name using the format sip:<host name>. For example:
SIP_PROXY_SERVERS : sip:sip.mycomp.com
To route all requests from a sipXphone through a specific port as well as the Proxy server, enter both the Proxy server’s IP address and its port:
SIP_PROXY_SERVERS : sip:171.71.141.7:12345
Note: Do not use this parameter to store the address of a server that provides location services. Use SIP_DIRECTORY_SERVERS for that address.
The SIP messaging parameters define the TCP and UDP ports on which SIP messages are expected, and enable session reinvite messaging. To set values for these parameters, use the browser-based interface or edit the pinger-config file.
Defining ports for SIP messages:
SIP_TCP_PORT SIP_UDP_PORT
These parameters define the IP ports on which SIP TCP and UDP messages are expected. The supplied default for both parameters is 5060, the well-known port number for SIP messages.
Tip: Values other than 5060 may be entered. However, setting the TCP and UDP ports to values that are not the same may result in undesirable behavior.
Enabling session timer:
SIP_SESSION_REINVITE_TIMER
This parameter enables sending of session reinvite messages by the sipXphone during calls. To enable this feature, you define the number of seconds between such messages. Session reinvite messages can help a Proxy server that performs call monitoring services track the duration of ongoing calls.
- All phones participating in a call must support SIP session reinvite for these messages to be sent.
- If the other phone(s) or the Proxy server has different time period settings for the interval between session reinvite messages, the shortest time period is used.
For more information on the SIP session timer extension, see the IETF draft publication “SIP Session Timer.”
[edit] Debugging SIP messages
This parameter (only available by adding to "Additional Parameters")
SIP_LOG : ENABLE
Will log all SIP messages from start-up time. Although you can also enable this from the "SIP Log" web page after the phone starts you may miss some of the early SIP messages. Early SIP messages include subscribing to profilepublisher for configuration information or even the initial SIP registration.
